Volume 7, No. 3, March 2025
Editor: Rashed Rahman
A Primer on Lebanon: History, Palestine and Resistance to Israeli Violence
Lara Deeb, Maya Mikdashi, Tsolin Nalbantian, Nadya Sbaiti
Smoke rises after an Israeli airstrike on Beirut, Lebanon on October 3, 2024. Houssam Shbaro/Anadolu via Getty Images
Israeli attacks have killed thousands, wounded thousands more and displaced over one million people in Lebanon.
Return of the National Question – II
Classical Marxism and the National QuestionChris Harman
Marx and Engels were part of the revolutionary movement of the 1840s. They began their political life on its extreme liberal democratic wing, but came to realise very quickly that human emancipation could only be achieved by a movement that went further and looked to working class revolution.
The Pakistani Revolution – VII
The Role of the National Awami Party, the 1965 General Elections and the War with India
W B Bland
The Role of the National Awami Party
The revival of the National Awami Party (NAP) and the release from prison in November 1962 of its leader Maulana Bhashani, provided the military dictatorship with a political arm, the objective function of which was to mobilise ‘left’ support for it.
Punjabis: Living down a ‘vulgar, abhorrent’ language
Dr Abbas Zaidi
Millions of Punjabis in Pakistan and the diaspora have been engaged in linguistic witch-hunting of their own language. It happened a long time before terms like “identity politics”, “linguistic identity”, “language and religion” and “bloodthirsty mullahs” were in vogue.
Socrates’ views regarding the business world
Professor Maqsudul Hasan Nuri
1. Introduction
Socrates’ teachings as a philosopher are often cited in the fields of law, education, ethics and philosophy. Quite controversial in his lifetime, Socrates did not claim himself as a teacher or anything to do with matters of business.